How to Complete an ET1 Form: Employment Tribunal Guide

Completing an ET1 claim form is a key step in starting an employment tribunal claim in England and Wales when a worker believes they have been treated unlawfully at work. The ET1 form sets out the basis of the claim and provides the first opportunity to explain to both the tribunal and the employer (the respondent) what the dispute is about. This article explains how to complete the ET1 form accurately and completely, with practical guidance, common pitfalls and procedural tips drawn from official sources and standard practice.

Introduction

The ET1 form, also known as Make a claim to an employment tribunal, is the formal document used to start most employment tribunal claims. It must include sufficient information for the tribunal and respondent to understand the complaint and its legal basis. The form can be completed online through the MyHMCTS service or by post using the downloadable PDF.

Before completing the ET1, claimants must normally notify ACAS and go through early conciliation. The unique early conciliation certificate number provided by ACAS must be included on the ET1.

Preparing to Complete the ET1

Gather Essential Information

Before starting the form, assemble the following details:

• Full names, addresses and contact details of each claimant.
• Full name and address of the respondent (employer, potential employer, trade union or other party).
• ACAS early conciliation certificate number(s) for each respondent or a declaration of exemption where applicable.

Having this information ready makes the process more efficient and reduces the risk of omission, which can result in rejection or delay.

Completing the ET1 Form: Key Sections

1. Claimant Details

The first section captures information about the claimant(s):

• Title, names and date of birth
• Contact address, telephone number and preferred method of contact

These details ensure the tribunal can communicate important notices and documents. If multiple claimants are involved with similar issues, their names and addresses can be listed on a joint claim or a separate form (ET1A) used for multiple claims.

2. Respondent Details

This section identifies the person or organisation against whom the claim is brought. Information required includes:

• Name and registered address of the respondent (often the employer's head office).
• Contact details such as telephone number.

Ensure the details match those provided to ACAS during early conciliation. Incorrect respondent details can delay acceptance.

3. Early Conciliation Information

You must enter the ACAS early conciliation certificate number for each respondent. If you are exempt from early conciliation, there is space to explain why. Including accurate early conciliation details ensures the tribunal can accept your claim.

4. Details of the Claim

One of the most critical parts of the ET1 is the section where you describe the facts and grounds of the claim. This narrative explains what happened and why you are bringing a claim. Key points include:

• A chronological description of events leading to the complaint.
• Clear identification of the rights breached, such as unfair dismissal, discrimination, unpaid wages or breach of contract.
• Specific dates and locations where relevant.

You do not need to submit witness statements or detailed legal arguments at this stage - the aim is to set out the circumstances and basis for your claim so others can understand it. Many claimants attach a document under this section with a more comprehensive description if the online form limits text space.

5. Remedy and Lawyer/Representative Details

In this section, you can:

• Indicate what remedy or outcome you seek, such as compensation.
• Provide details of any representative (for example a solicitor or union official) acting on your behalf, including contact information.

Including representative details helps ensure correspondence is directed appropriately.

6. Additional Information

The form allows optional additional information, such as:

• Details of previous tribunal claims against the same or related issues.
• Information about disability or health conditions that may affect participation, so the tribunal can consider reasonable adjustments.

Completing these optional areas can help the tribunal manage your claim effectively.

Submitting the ET1 Form

Online Submission

The preferred method is online through the MyHMCTS system:

• Create or log into your account.
• Follow the steps to begin a new claim and save progress as needed.
• Upload the form and submit when complete.

Online submission is usually faster and you receive immediate confirmation of receipt.

Postal Submission

If submitting by post:

• Download and print the ET1 PDF.
• Send it to the Employment Tribunal central office for England and Wales (address available on GOV.UK guidance).
• Retain a copy and consider proof of postage in case of disputes about deadline compliance.

Tribunals recommend online submission to avoid delays or loss.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

To ensure your ET1 is accepted:

• Include all mandatory fields marked with an asterisk (*). Omissions can result in rejection.
• Enter the correct ACAS certificate number for each respondent. Errors here are a frequent reason for refusal.
• Avoid late submission. If the form is received after the statutory deadline, the tribunal may not accept it unless there are valid reasons.
• Do not attach unnecessary documents at this stage - only include attachments if part of your narrative in the “details of claim” section.

Timely and accurate completion reduces the risk of your claim being rejected or delayed significantly.

What Happens After Submission

Once the ET1 is submitted:

• You should receive confirmation of acceptance if the form is complete and submitted in time.
• The tribunal will send a copy to the respondent with a response form (ET3) for them to complete.

The case then progresses through directions, possible further case management, and potentially a hearing if not resolved by settlement.

Key Takeaways

Completing an ET1 claim form is a foundational step in pursuing an employment tribunal claim in England and Wales. The process involves gathering essential details about claimants and respondents, entering an early conciliation certificate number, and clearly setting out the facts and basis of your complaint. You can submit the form online via MyHMCTS or by post, but online submission is usually faster and more reliable. Including all required information, presenting the narrative in chronological order and ensuring deadlines are met increases the likelihood that your claim will be accepted and proceed to substantive consideration.